In angiosperms, pollen grain germinates to produce two male gametes. W

In angiosperms, pollen grain germinates to produce two male gametes. Which one of the following functions is carried out by these gametes ?

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Both the gametes fuse with a single egg cell

Both the gametes fuse with two different egg cells

One gamete fuses with the egg cell and the other one eventually degenerate

One gamete fuses with the egg cell and the other one fuses with a diploid secondary nucleus

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UPSC NDA-2 – 2023

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In angiosperms, the pollen grain contains two male gametes. During double fertilization, one male gamete fuses with the egg cell to form the diploid zygote, which develops into the embryo. The other male gamete fuses with the diploid secondary nucleus (formed by the fusion of two polar nuclei) within the embryo sac to form the triploid primary endosperm nucleus (PEN), which develops into the nutritive tissue called endosperm. This process of fertilization of both the egg cell and the secondary nucleus is unique to angiosperms.

Double fertilization is a characteristic feature of angiosperms, involving two male gametes: one fertilizes the egg (forming the zygote), and the other fertilizes the secondary nucleus (forming the endosperm).

The pollen tube grows down the style and enters the ovule, releasing the two male gametes into the embryo sac. This ensures efficient delivery and participation of both gametes in the fertilization process.

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