Which one of the following best describes the Lithosphere ?

Which one of the following best describes the Lithosphere ?

Upper and lower mantle
Crust and core
Crust and upper mantle
Lower mantle and core
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2021
The correct option is C, Crust and upper mantle.
The Earth’s structure is typically described in terms of layers: the crust, the mantle, and the core. These layers can be further divided based on physical properties (like rigidity) or chemical composition. The Lithosphere is defined as the rigid outer layer of the Earth. It consists of the entire crust (continental and oceanic) and the uppermost, rigid part of the mantle, often called the lithospheric mantle.
Beneath the lithosphere lies the Asthenosphere, which is a mechanically weak, ductile layer of the upper mantle. The lithosphere essentially rides on the asthenosphere. Option A is incorrect as it omits the crust. Option B is incorrect as it includes the core but omits a large part of the mantle. Option D describes deeper layers below the lithosphere.