Which one of the following is likely to be the most prevalent form of

Which one of the following is likely to be the most prevalent form of weathering in hot-tropical desert areas?

Mechanical
Chemical
Biological
Leaching
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2022
The correct answer is A) Mechanical.
Hot tropical desert areas are characterized by extreme diurnal (daily) temperature variations and lack of moisture. Mechanical weathering, such as thermal stress (repeated expansion and contraction of rocks due to large temperature swings) and salt crystal growth (where infrequent water evaporates leaving salt crystals that exert pressure), is the dominant form of weathering in these environments.
Chemical weathering requires water, which is scarce in hot deserts, making it less prevalent compared to mechanical processes. Biological weathering can occur but is generally limited by the lack of life forms compared to more humid environments. Leaching is a chemical process requiring water.