Which one of the following resolutions in the final agreement reached

Which one of the following resolutions in the final agreement reached at COP28 is associated with the target of achieving ‘Net Zero by 2050’ ?

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Fossil fuel phase-out

Methane emission cuts

Global goal on adaptation

Climate resilience

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UPSC CDS-2 – 2024

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In the final agreement reached at COP28 (UAE Consensus), the resolution most directly associated with the target of achieving ‘Net Zero by 2050’ is the call to transition away from fossil fuels. While the text adopted was “transitioning away from fossil fuels” rather than the stronger “phase-out,” this decision is fundamentally aimed at enabling the world to reach net-zero emissions, primarily by drastically reducing the use of coal, oil, and gas. Among the given options, “Fossil fuel phase-out” (or transition) is the action directly addressing the primary source of greenhouse gas emissions driving climate change, and thus is intrinsically linked to achieving Net Zero.

– Achieving ‘Net Zero by 2050’ requires a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels.
– The COP28 agreement explicitly linked the call to transition away from fossil fuels to the goal of achieving net zero by 2050.
– Options B, C, and D (Methane cuts, adaptation, resilience) are important aspects of climate action but the fossil fuel resolution is the most direct and comprehensive measure towards the *mitigation* required for Net Zero.

The COP28 agreement represented the first time a COP decision explicitly called for transitioning away from all fossil fuels. Other key elements of the agreement included tripling renewable energy capacity and doubling the rate of energy efficiency improvements by 2030.

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