In which of the following groups of organisms, is food material broken

In which of the following groups of organisms, is food material broken down outside the body and absorbed ?

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Yeast, mushroom, bread mould

Mushroom, Amoeba, green plants

Caserta, tapeworm, lice

Paramecium, Amoeba, Caserta

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-2 – 2021

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Fungi, such as yeast, mushroom, and bread mould, obtain nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes onto the food source outside their bodies and then absorbing the digested material. This is called external digestion or saprophytic nutrition.

Fungi are heterotrophic organisms that use an absorptive mode of nutrition, typically involving extracellular breakdown of organic matter.

Amoeba and Paramecium (Protozoa) typically use phagocytosis, where they engulf food particles and digest them internally. Green plants are autotrophs that produce their own food through photosynthesis. Caserta (Cuscuta) and tapeworm are parasites; they absorb digested nutrients from their host rather than breaking down complex material externally themselves like fungi.

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