The four planets closest to the Sun are called

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terrestrial planets

giant planets

dwarf planets

gas planets

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UPSC CDS-2 – 2020

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The Solar System’s planets are broadly classified based on their composition and location. The four planets closest to the Sun are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. These planets are primarily composed of rock and metal and have solid surfaces. They are called terrestrial planets, meaning ‘Earth-like’.

– The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
– They are characterized by solid, rocky surfaces.
– This class of planets is known as terrestrial planets.

The planets further from the Sun (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) are much larger and consist mainly of gas and ice; they are known as giant planets, often subdivided into gas giants and ice giants. Dwarf planets are a distinct category of celestial bodies (like Pluto, Ceres, Eris).

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