Osmosis is the process of movement of water molecules from its

[amp_mcq option1=”higher concentration to its lower concentration through a cell wall.” option2=”lower concentration to its higher concentration through a fully permeable membrane.” option3=”higher concentration to its lower concentration through a fully permeable membrane.” option4=”higher concentration to its lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.” correct=”option4″]

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UPSC CDS-1 – 2021

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Osmosis is defined as the net movement of solvent molecules (typically water) from a region of higher solvent concentration (or higher water potential) to a region of lower solvent concentration (or lower water potential) through a selectively permeable or semi-permeable membrane.

– The key components of osmosis are the movement of *solvent* (water), the direction from *higher to lower* water concentration/potential, and the presence of a *semi-permeable membrane*.
– A semi-permeable membrane allows solvent molecules to pass through but restricts the passage of solute molecules.

– A fully permeable membrane allows both solute and solvent to pass freely, so osmosis as defined does not occur across such a membrane; diffusion would happen.
– The cell wall of plant cells is generally fully permeable, not semi-permeable. The cell membrane is the semi-permeable barrier.

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