Which of the following statements regarding Mediterranean and Monsoon

Which of the following statements regarding Mediterranean and Monsoon climate is / are correct ?

  • 1. Precipitation in Mediterranean climate is in winter while in Monsoon climate it is mostly in summer
  • 2. The annual range of temperature in Mediterranean climate is higher than the Monsoon climate
  • 3. Rainy and dry seasons are found in both the climates

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2016
Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is generally incorrect.
Statement 1 accurately describes the seasonal distribution of precipitation in Mediterranean (winter) and Monsoon (mostly summer) climates. Statement 3 correctly notes the presence of distinct rainy and dry seasons in both climate types, although the timing differs. Statement 2 is not a reliable generalization; while the annual temperature range can vary within both climate types depending on location (coastal vs. continental), Mediterranean coastal areas often have a lower annual range compared to many continental monsoon regions due to the moderating influence of the sea.
Mediterranean climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Monsoon climate, particularly the tropical monsoon, is characterized by heavy rainfall in the summer months following a dry period, and a relatively dry winter. Both climates exhibit seasonality in precipitation, but the wet season occurs at opposite times of the year relative to summer.