Patna Kalam was an offshoot of

Mughal painting
Afghan painting
Pala painting
None of the above

The correct answer is: A. Mughal painting

Patna Kalam is a style of Indian painting that developed in the Mughal Empire in the 17th century. It is characterized by its use of bright colors, intricate patterns, and bold brushstrokes. Patna Kalam paintings often depict scenes from Hindu mythology or Mughal court life.

Mughal painting is a style of Indian painting that developed during the Mughal Empire (1526-1857). It is characterized by its use of bright colors, intricate patterns, and bold brushstrokes. Mughal paintings often depict scenes from Hindu mythology or Mughal court life.

Afghan painting is a style of Indian painting that developed in Afghanistan during the Mughal Empire. It is characterized by its use of bright colors, intricate patterns, and bold brushstrokes. Afghan paintings often depict scenes from Islamic history or Afghan court life.

Pala painting is a style of Indian painting that developed in the Pala Empire (750-1174). It is characterized by its use of muted colors, delicate patterns, and fine brushstrokes. Pala paintings often depict scenes from Buddhist mythology or Pala court life.

Therefore, the correct answer is: A. Mughal painting