The correct answer is: Both 1 and 2.
A Gram Panchayat is a local self-government institution in India at the village level. It is constituted under the Panchayati Raj Act of the respective state. The term of a Gram Panchayat is 5 years. The Gram Sabha is a body consisting of all the adult members of a village. It is constituted under the Panchayat Raj Act of the respective state. The Gram Sabha is the highest decision-making body in a village. It has the power to make decisions on all matters relating to the village, including the budget, development plans, and the appointment of the Sarpanch.
The Gram Sabhas in Jharkhand are constructed under section 10 of the Jharkhand Panchayati Raj Act, 2001. The Act provides for the establishment of Gram Sabhas in all villages in the state. The Gram Sabha is the highest decision-making body in a village. It has the power to make decisions on all matters relating to the village, including the budget, development plans, and the appointment of the Sarpanch.
The Gram Sabha is convened at least once in a quarter by the Sarpanch. The quorum for a meeting of the Gram Sabha is one-third of the total number of members. The Gram Sabha can take decisions on any matter relating to the village, including the following:
- The budget of the village
- Development plans for the village
- The appointment of the Sarpanch
- The removal of the Sarpanch
- The imposition of taxes and levies on the villagers
- The utilization of funds received from the government
- The maintenance of law and order in the village
- The resolution of disputes between villagers
- The promotion of education and health in the village
- The protection of the environment in the village
The Gram Sabha is an important institution of local self-government in Jharkhand. It plays a vital role in the development of the villages in the state.