The correct answer is: A. Alligator cracking.
Alligator cracking is a type of surface cracking that is characterized by a network of small, interconnected cracks that resemble the scales of an alligator. It is caused by a combination of factors, including fatigue, aging, and environmental conditions. Alligator cracking can lead to loss of pavement strength and surface drainage, and can make the pavement more susceptible to other types of damage.
Mud pumping is a type of failure that occurs when water seeps through cracks in the pavement and carries fine particles of aggregate with it. This can cause the pavement to become unstable and can lead to potholes.
Warping cracks are long, straight cracks that form in the surface of the pavement. They are caused by uneven settlement of the subgrade, which can be caused by a variety of factors, including poor drainage, heavy traffic, and changes in the water table.
Shrinkage cracks are small, hairline cracks that form in the surface of the pavement when it dries out. They are usually not a serious problem, but they can make the pavement more susceptible to other types of damage.