Workers’, peasants’, and tribal movements contributed to:

The correct answer is: d) All of the above

Workers’, peasants’, and tribal movements have contributed to social and economic reforms, political mobilization, and challenges to existing power structures.

• Social and economic reforms: Workers’, peasants’, and tribal movements have often fought for better working conditions, higher wages, and land reform. These movements have also been a force for social change, challenging traditional hierarchies and power structures.
• Political mobilization: Workers’, peasants’, and tribal movements have been a major force in political mobilization, bringing new groups into the political process and demanding a greater say in government. These movements have also been a source of opposition to authoritarian regimes and have played a role in bringing about democratic reforms.
• Challenges to existing power structures: Workers’, peasants’, and tribal movements have often challenged the existing power structures, both economic and political. These movements have sought to redistribute power and resources, and to create a more just and equitable society.

In conclusion, workers’, peasants’, and tribal movements have made significant contributions to social and economic reforms, political mobilization, and challenges to existing power structures. These movements have played a vital role in shaping the modern world.