Land alienation and encroachment on tribal lands is a concern that can lead to:

The correct answer is: d) All of the above

Land alienation and encroachment on tribal lands is a concern that can lead to loss of traditional resource base, social tensions, and indebtedness.

• Loss of traditional resource base: Tribal peoples rely on their land for their livelihoods. They use the land for hunting, gathering, farming, and grazing their livestock. When their land is alienated or encroached upon, they lose access to these resources and their livelihoods are threatened.
• Social tensions: Land alienation and encroachment can also lead to social tensions between tribal peoples and other groups. When tribal peoples are displaced from their land, they may feel resentment towards the people who have taken their land. This can lead to conflict and violence.
• Indebtedness: Tribal peoples who are displaced from their land may also become indebted. They may have to borrow money to pay for food, shelter, and other necessities. This can lead to a cycle of poverty that is difficult to break.

Land alienation and encroachment on tribal lands is a serious problem that has a number of negative consequences. It is important to protect the land rights of tribal peoples and to ensure that they have access to the resources they need to sustain their livelihoods.