The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
The National Health Mission (NHM) is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India in 2005. The NHM aims to improve the health of the people of India by providing access to quality healthcare, reducing the burden of disease, and promoting healthy lifestyles.
The NHM in Sikkim focuses on the following key areas:
- Improving maternal and child health: The NHM provides a range of services to pregnant women and children, including antenatal care, postnatal care, immunization, and nutrition.
- Controlling infectious diseases: The NHM provides a range of services to prevent and control infectious diseases, including immunization, surveillance, and treatment.
- Strengthening healthcare infrastructure: The NHM builds and renovates health facilities, provides equipment and supplies, and trains health workers.
- Promoting healthy lifestyles: The NHM promotes healthy lifestyles through education and awareness campaigns, and by providing access to healthy food and safe drinking water.
The NHM has made significant progress in improving the health of the people of Sikkim. The infant mortality rate has declined from 60 per 1,000 live births in 2005 to 30 per 1,000 live births in 2017. The maternal mortality rate has declined from 200 per 100,000 live births in 2005 to 100 per 100,000 live births in 2017. The prevalence of stunting among children under five has declined from 40% in 2005 to 20% in 2017.
The NHM is a successful example of how government intervention can improve the health of a population. The NHM has made a significant impact on the health of the people of Sikkim, and it is likely to continue to do so in the years to come.