Mulching in horticultural crops helps to:

The correct answer is: d) All of the above

Mulching is a soil management technique that involves applying a layer of organic or inorganic material to the soil surface. Mulches can help to conserve soil moisture, suppress weeds, and add organic matter to the soil.

• Conserving soil moisture: Mulches help to conserve soil moisture by reducing evaporation from the soil surface. This is because mulches create a barrier between the soil and the air, which reduces the amount of water that can evaporate. Mulches can also help to improve the infiltration of water into the soil, which can help to reduce runoff and erosion.
• Suppressing weeds: Mulches can help to suppress weeds by creating a physical barrier between the weeds and the soil. This barrier makes it difficult for weeds to germinate and grow. Mulches can also help to reduce the amount of light that reaches the soil surface, which can also help to suppress weed growth.
• Adding organic matter to the soil: Mulches can help to add organic matter to the soil as they decompose. Organic matter is important for soil health because it helps to improve soil structure, water retention, and nutrient availability.

In addition to the benefits listed above, mulching can also help to reduce soil temperature fluctuations, improve air circulation in the soil, and provide habitat for beneficial soil organisms.