The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Vaccination programs are crucial for preventing livestock diseases like foot-and-mouth disease, brucellosis, and anthrax. These diseases can cause serious illness and death in livestock, and can also be transmitted to humans. Vaccination is the most effective way to protect livestock from these diseases.
Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals, such as cattle, pigs, sheep, and goats. The disease causes fever, lameness, and blisters on the mouth and feet. Foot-and-mouth disease is a major economic and trade concern, as it can lead to the slaughter of infected animals and the closure of markets.
Brucellosis is a bacterial disease that affects cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and other animals. The disease can cause abortion, infertility, and lameness in animals. Brucellosis can also be transmitted to humans, where it can cause a serious illness called brucellosis.
Anthrax is a bacterial disease that affects mammals, including livestock. The disease can cause fever, respiratory problems, and death in animals. Anthrax can also be transmitted to humans, where it can cause a serious illness called anthrax.
Vaccination is the most effective way to protect livestock from these diseases. Vaccination programs help to prevent the spread of disease, and can also help to reduce the economic impact of disease outbreaks.