The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Bihar is a landlocked state in eastern India. It is bordered by Nepal to the north, Uttar Pradesh to the west, Jharkhand to the south, and West Bengal to the east. The state has a population of over 100 million people, making it the third most populous state in India.
Bihar is a water-stressed state. The average annual rainfall in the state is about 1,000 mm. However, the rainfall is unevenly distributed, with some areas receiving much more rain than others. The state also has a number of rivers, including the Ganges, the Son, and the Gandak.
The water resources of Bihar are shared with neighboring states. This has led to a number of inter-state river disputes. The most famous of these is the dispute over the sharing of the waters of the Ganges. The dispute has been going on for decades, and it has been a major source of tension between Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
Increasing water demand is another major challenge for Bihar. The state’s population is growing rapidly, and this is putting a strain on the state’s water resources. The state is also facing a number of other challenges, such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change. These challenges are all contributing to the increasing water demand in the state.
Climate change is also having a significant impact on the water resources of Bihar. The state is experiencing more frequent and severe droughts, as well as more intense floods. These changes are making it more difficult for the state to manage its water resources.
The combination of inter-state river disputes, increasing water demand, and climate change is creating a perfect storm for water conflicts in Bihar. The state is already facing a number of water-related challenges, and these challenges are only going to get worse in the future. It is important for the state to take steps to address these challenges, or else it will face a serious water crisis in the years to come.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Inter-state river disputes: Bihar is a landlocked state, and it shares its water resources with neighboring states. This has led to a number of inter-state river disputes. The most famous of these is the dispute over the sharing of the waters of the Ganges. The dispute has been going on for decades, and it has been a major source of tension between Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
- Increasing water demand: The state’s population is growing rapidly, and this is putting a strain on the state’s water resources. The state is also facing a number of other challenges, such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change. These challenges are all contributing to the increasing water demand in the state.
- Climate change impacts: Climate change is also having a significant impact on the water resources of Bihar. The state is experiencing more frequent and severe droughts, as well as more intense floods. These changes are making it more difficult for the state to manage its water resources.