The correct answer is: a) Ministry of Home Affairs.
The Ministry of Home Affairs is the central government ministry responsible for internal security, border management, disaster management, and the administration of Union Territories. The Ministry of Home Affairs is also responsible for the census, which is a decennial survey of the population of India. The census is conducted by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, who is an officer of the Indian Administrative Service. The census provides data on the population, age, sex, religion, language, education, and occupation of the people of India. This data is used by the government to plan for development and to make policies that affect the lives of the people of India.
The other options are incorrect because:
- NITI Aayog is a policy think tank of the Government of India. It was set up in January 2015 by the prime minister of India, Narendra Modi, to replace the Planning Commission of India. NITI Aayog is not responsible for the census.
- The National Statistical Commission is an independent body set up by the Government of India to advise the government on statistical matters. It is not responsible for the census.
- State Governments are responsible for the administration of their respective states. They are not responsible for the census.