The correct answer is: a) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY).
The Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) is a flagship scheme of the Government of India launched in 2015 with the objective of ensuring water security for all farmers by ensuring that every agricultural field has access to irrigation by 2020. The scheme promotes efficient irrigation practices through a combination of measures, including investment in irrigation infrastructure, capacity building of farmers, and research and development.
The National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) is a scheme launched in 2014 with the objective of promoting sustainable agriculture practices. The scheme focuses on promoting efficient use of water, soil, and other natural resources, as well as reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
The Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) is a scheme launched in 2019 with the objective of providing piped water to every household in rural India by 2024. The scheme does not directly promote efficient irrigation practices, but it could indirectly lead to more efficient irrigation practices if it leads to a reduction in the use of groundwater for irrigation.
The Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) is a scheme launched in 2015 with the objective of promoting traditional agricultural practices. The scheme focuses on promoting organic farming, watershed management, and other sustainable agriculture practices.
In conclusion, the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) is the government program that most directly promotes efficient irrigation practices.