The correct answer is: A) Early 20th century
The formation of labor unions in Karnataka gained momentum during the early 20th century. The first labor union in Karnataka was formed in 1908, and by the 1920s, there were several unions representing workers in different industries. The unions played a significant role in the fight for workers’ rights, and they continue to be an important force in the state’s economy and politics.
Option B, the post-independence period, is incorrect because the first labor union in Karnataka was formed in 1908, before India gained independence in 1947.
Option C, the 1990s liberalization era, is incorrect because the labor unions in Karnataka were already well-established by the 1990s.
Option D, the 18th century, is incorrect because the first labor unions in India were not formed until the early 20th century.