The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
The zamindari system was a system of land tenure in India under which a large landowner, known as a zamindar, held a large tract of land from the government in return for a fixed rent. The zamindars were responsible for collecting taxes from the peasants who worked the land, and they often exploited them by charging high rents and taking a share of their crops.
The zamindari system was abolished in independent India in 1950 as a form of economic, land, and social reform. The abolition of the zamindari system was seen as a way to improve the lives of the peasants by giving them ownership of the land they worked and by reducing the power of the zamindars.
The abolition of the zamindari system was a complex process that took several years to complete. The first step was to survey the land and to identify the peasants who were working it. The next step was to distribute the land to the peasants, either in individual plots or in collective farms. The final step was to provide the peasants with the resources they needed to farm the land, such as seeds, tools, and credit.
The abolition of the zamindari system had a significant impact on the lives of the peasants in India. It gave them ownership of the land they worked, which improved their economic status. It also reduced the power of the zamindars, which improved their social status. The abolition of the zamindari system was a major step forward in the development of independent India.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Economic reform: The abolition of the zamindari system was a form of economic reform because it aimed to improve the lives of the peasants by giving them ownership of the land they worked and by reducing the power of the zamindars.
- Land reform: The abolition of the zamindari system was a form of land reform because it aimed to redistribute land to the peasants who worked it.
- Social reform: The abolition of the zamindari system was a form of social reform because it aimed to improve the social status of the peasants by reducing the power of the zamindars.