The correct answer is (d) 1988.
The National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) was launched in India in 1988. It is a crop insurance scheme that provides financial assistance to farmers in the event of crop failure due to natural calamities. The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India.
The NAIS is a voluntary scheme, and farmers can opt to participate in it. The premium for the scheme is paid by the farmers, and the government provides a subsidy on the premium. The subsidy is higher for farmers who belong to the low-income group.
The NAIS is a comprehensive scheme that covers a wide range of crops. The scheme also covers a wide range of natural calamities, including floods, droughts, hailstorms, and pests.
The NAIS has been successful in providing financial assistance to farmers in the event of crop failure. The scheme has also helped to reduce the risk of crop failure and to improve the income of farmers.
The following are the options for the question:
(a) 1945: This is incorrect. The NAIS was launched in 1988, not 1945.
(b) 1980: This is incorrect. The NAIS was launched in 1988, not 1980.
(c) 1985: This is incorrect. The NAIS was launched in 1988, not 1985.
(d) 1988: This is the correct answer. The NAIS was launched in 1988.