The first synchronous census (conducted at the same time throughout the country) in India took place in the year:

1851
1872
1901
1921

The correct answer is: b) 1872.

The first synchronous census (conducted at the same time throughout the country) in India took place in 1872. The census was conducted by the British East India Company, which ruled India at the time. The census was a major undertaking, and it took several years to complete. The results of the census were used to create a detailed profile of the Indian population, including its size, distribution, and social and economic characteristics. The census has been conducted every ten years since 1872, and it is one of the most important sources of data on the Indian population.

The other options are incorrect because:

  • Option a) 1851 is incorrect because the first census in India was conducted in 1872.
  • Option c) 1901 is incorrect because the second census in India was conducted in 1901.
  • Option d) 1921 is incorrect because the third census in India was conducted in 1921.