The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Post-harvest losses are a major concern for horticultural produce. In developing countries, post-harvest losses can be as high as 50%. These losses are due to a number of factors, including inadequate storage and transportation facilities, pests and diseases, and poor handling practices.
Cold chain infrastructure is essential for the safe and efficient storage and transportation of horticultural produce. Cold chain facilities include refrigerated warehouses, cold storage trucks, and refrigerated containers. These facilities help to maintain the quality of horticultural produce by keeping it at a low temperature.
Efficient logistics are also important for reducing post-harvest losses. Efficient logistics involve the timely and efficient movement of horticultural produce from the farm to the market. This can be achieved through the use of good transportation infrastructure, effective supply chain management, and appropriate packaging.
Value addition is another way to reduce post-harvest losses. Value addition involves adding value to horticultural produce by processing it into products such as jams, jellies, juices, and dried fruits. This can help to increase the shelf life of horticultural produce and make it more marketable.
All of these measures can help to reduce post-harvest losses and improve the quality of horticultural produce.