The correct answer is: a) Agriculture and pastoralism.
Archaeological evidence suggests that the Vedic people in Punjab practiced agriculture and pastoralism. This is supported by the discovery of tools and weapons used for farming and herding, as well as the remains of domesticated animals and crops.
Agriculture is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. It is one of the oldest human activities, and it has played a major role in the development of human societies. Agriculture is based on the principle of using land to grow crops and raise livestock. Crops are grown for their food value, while livestock are raised for their meat, milk, and other products.
Pastoralism is the practice of raising livestock. It is a form of animal husbandry that involves the care and management of grazing animals. Pastoralists typically live in areas where there is little or no agriculture, and they rely on their livestock for food, clothing, and shelter.
The Vedic people were an ancient Indo-Aryan people who lived in the Indus Valley region of South Asia. They were the authors of the Vedas, a collection of sacred texts that are considered to be the foundation of Hinduism. The Vedic people were skilled farmers and herders, and they developed a complex society based on agriculture and pastoralism.
The evidence for agriculture and pastoralism among the Vedic people comes from a variety of sources. One source is the archaeological record. Archaeologists have found evidence of early farming settlements in the Indus Valley region, as well as tools and weapons used for farming and herding. Another source is the Vedic texts themselves. The Vedas contain numerous references to agriculture and pastoralism, and they describe in detail the methods used by the Vedic people to grow crops and raise livestock.
The evidence for agriculture and pastoralism among the Vedic people is clear and convincing. The Vedic people were skilled farmers and herders, and they developed a complex society based on agriculture and pastoralism.