The correct answer is: a) Humid subtropical.
Humid subtropical climates are characterized by hot, humid summers and mild, dry winters. This type of climate is ideal for horticulture because it provides the necessary conditions for the growth of a wide variety of crops. The warm temperatures and abundant rainfall during the summer months allow crops to grow quickly and produce high yields. The mild winters provide a respite from the heat and allow crops to rest and store up nutrients for the next growing season.
Arid climates are characterized by low rainfall and high temperatures. This type of climate is not ideal for horticulture because it does not provide the necessary conditions for the growth of most crops. The low rainfall means that crops do not have enough water to grow, and the high temperatures can stress and damage crops.
Semi-arid climates are characterized by moderate rainfall and high temperatures. This type of climate can be suitable for horticulture, but it is important to choose crops that are adapted to the dry conditions. Crops that are tolerant of drought and heat, such as wheat, barley, and sorghum, can be grown in semi-arid climates.
Mediterranean climates are characterized by warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters. This type of climate is not ideal for horticulture because the dry summers can stress and damage crops. However, some crops, such as olives, grapes, and citrus fruits, can be grown in Mediterranean climates.
In conclusion, the humid subtropical climate of Assam is ideal for horticulture because it provides the necessary conditions for the growth of a wide variety of crops.