The correct answer is: c) A mix of direct rule and princely states.
The British East India Company established its dominance in Gujarat in the early 1800s. The company initially established a trading post in Surat in 1612, and gradually extended its control over the region through a combination of military conquest and political maneuvering. By the early 1800s, the company had established direct rule over much of Gujarat, but it also allowed some princely states to remain under their own rulers, as long as they paid tribute to the company.
This system of direct rule and princely states continued until the end of the British Raj in 1947. After independence, Gujarat became a state of the Indian Union.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Option a) Direct rule in all regions is incorrect. The British East India Company did not establish direct rule in all regions of Gujarat. Some princely states were allowed to remain under their own rulers, as long as they paid tribute to the company.
- Option b) Princely states under British suzerainty is incorrect. The British East India Company did not establish direct rule in all regions of Gujarat. Some princely states were allowed to remain under their own rulers, but they were under the suzerainty of the British East India Company. This meant that the company had ultimate control over the princely states, but they were allowed to maintain their own internal affairs.
- Option c) A mix of direct rule and princely states is correct. The British East India Company established a system of direct rule and princely states in Gujarat. The company directly ruled over much of the region, but it also allowed some princely states to remain under their own rulers, as long as they paid tribute to the company.
- Option d) Limited autonomy for Gujarat is incorrect. The British East India Company did not grant limited autonomy to Gujarat. The company established a system of direct rule and princely states in the region, and it had ultimate control over all of Gujarat.