The correct answer is: b) Aging Population.
Kerala has an aging population, with a median age of 30.7 years. This is higher than the national median age of 28.2 years. The proportion of the population aged 60 and above in Kerala is 12.1%, which is higher than the national average of 9.3%. The aging population is a result of a number of factors, including low fertility rates, high life expectancy, and out-migration of young people.
A young population is one in which the majority of the population is below the age of 15. This can be due to high fertility rates, low life expectancy, or in-migration of young people. A young population can have a number of positive effects, such as a large workforce, a vibrant culture, and a low dependency ratio. However, it can also lead to problems such as unemployment, crime, and environmental degradation.
An evenly distributed age structure is one in which the population is evenly distributed across all age groups. This is ideal, as it means that there is a balance between the young and the old, and between the working and the non-working population. However, it is rare to find a population that is perfectly evenly distributed.
A declining population is one in which the number of people is decreasing. This can be due to low fertility rates, high mortality rates, or out-migration. A declining population can have a number of negative effects, such as a shrinking workforce, a loss of cultural diversity, and an increased burden on the economy.