The correct answer is D) All of the above.
Afforestation is the process of planting trees in an area where there were previously no trees. This can be done for a variety of reasons, such as to prevent soil erosion, stabilize slopes, mitigate floods, and provide habitat for wildlife.
Soil erosion is the process of soil being carried away by wind or water. This can be a serious problem, as it can lead to the loss of fertile land and the degradation of ecosystems. Afforestation can help to reduce soil erosion by providing a barrier between the soil and the elements. The roots of trees help to hold the soil in place, and the leaves help to protect the soil from the sun and wind.
Slope stability is the ability of a slope to resist movement. Slopes that are not stable can be dangerous, as they can collapse and cause landslides. Afforestation can help to stabilize slopes by providing a root system that helps to hold the soil in place. The trees also help to slow down the flow of water, which can reduce the risk of landslides.
Floods are a major problem in many parts of the world. They can cause widespread damage to property and infrastructure, and they can also lead to loss of life. Afforestation can help to mitigate floods by slowing down the flow of water. The trees help to absorb water, and they also help to create a barrier between the water and the land. This can help to reduce the risk of flooding and the damage that it causes.
In addition to these benefits, afforestation can also provide habitat for wildlife, improve air quality, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.