The correct answer is D. All of the above.
During smelting, the fuel is burned to produce carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide then reacts with carbon to form carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide reacts with iron ore (Fe2O3) to form iron and liberate carbon dioxide.
The overall reaction is:
2Fe2O3 + 3C â 4Fe + 3CO2
The smelting process is used to extract metals from their ores. The ore is heated in a furnace, and the metal is melted and separated from the ore. The most common smelting process is the blast furnace process, which is used to extract iron from iron ore.
The blast furnace is a large, cylindrical furnace that is lined with firebrick. The furnace is filled with iron ore, coke (a fuel made from coal), and limestone. The coke is burned to produce carbon monoxide, which reacts with the iron ore to form iron. The limestone reacts with the impurities in the iron ore to form slag, which is a waste product that is removed from the furnace.
The iron that is produced in the blast furnace is called pig iron. Pig iron is not pure iron, and it contains impurities such as carbon, silicon, and sulfur. Pig iron is used to make steel. Steel is made by melting pig iron and adding other elements, such as carbon, manganese, and chromium. The amount of each element that is added determines the properties of the steel.