The correct answer is: a) Umiam Hydroelectric Project.
The Umiam Hydroelectric Project is a major hydroelectric project located on the Umiam river in Meghalaya, India. The project was commissioned in 1962 and has a installed capacity of 250 MW. The project is owned and operated by the North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited (NEEPCO).
The Umiam Hydroelectric Project is a run-of-the-river project. The water from the Umiam reservoir is diverted through a tunnel to the power house located at Umiam. The power house has four Francis turbines, each with a capacity of 62.5 MW. The generated electricity is transmitted to the grid through a 132 kV transmission line.
The Umiam Hydroelectric Project has a number of benefits. It provides a reliable source of electricity for the region. It also helps to regulate the flow of the Umiam river and prevents floods. The project also provides employment opportunities for the local people.
However, the Umiam Hydroelectric Project also has a number of environmental impacts. The construction of the dam has led to the submergence of a large area of forest land. The project has also affected the flow of the Umiam river and the aquatic life in the river.
Overall, the Umiam Hydroelectric Project is a major hydroelectric project that has both benefits and environmental impacts. The project provides a reliable source of electricity for the region, but it has also led to the submergence of a large area of forest land and the disruption of the flow of the Umiam river.