The correct answer is: A. 0.6 power factor lagging.
A single-phase induction motor is an electric motor that uses a rotating magnetic field to induce current in the rotor windings, causing them to rotate. The stator windings are supplied with single-phase AC power, which creates a rotating magnetic field. The rotor windings are not connected to the power supply, but are instead induced to rotate by the magnetic field from the stator windings.
The power factor of a motor is a measure of how efficiently the motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. A power factor of 1 means that the motor is converting all of the electrical energy into mechanical energy, while a power factor of 0 means that the motor is not converting any of the electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Single-phase induction motors typically have a power factor of 0.6 lagging. This means that the motor is consuming more electrical energy than it is converting into mechanical energy. The extra electrical energy is wasted as heat.
There are a number of ways to improve the power factor of a single-phase induction motor. One way is to use a power factor correction capacitor. A power factor correction capacitor is a capacitor that is connected to the motor’s stator windings. The capacitor helps to improve the power factor by absorbing the reactive power that is being generated by the motor.
Another way to improve the power factor of a single-phase induction motor is to use a variable speed drive (VSD). A VSD is a device that controls the speed of a motor by varying the frequency of the AC power that is supplied to the motor. By varying the frequency of the AC power, the VSD can also improve the power factor of the motor.
The power factor of a motor is important because it affects the amount of current that the motor draws from the power supply. A motor with a low power factor will draw more current than a motor with a high power factor. This can cause problems with the power supply and can also lead to higher electricity bills.