The correct answer is D. All of the above.
The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights. Due to its unique international character, and the powers vested in its founding Charter, the Organization can take action on the issues confronting humanity in the 21st century, such as peace and security, climate change, sustainable development, human rights, disarmament, terrorism, humanitarian and health emergencies, gender equality, governance, food production, and more.
The UN’s six principal organs are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat.
- The General Assembly is the main deliberative organ of the United Nations. It is composed of all 193 Member States of the United Nations. The General Assembly meets in regular sessions every year, and in special sessions when necessary.
- The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security. It has 15 members, five of which are permanent members (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and 10 of which are elected by the General Assembly for two-year terms.
- The Economic and Social Council is responsible for promoting international economic and social cooperation and development. It has 54 members, elected by the General Assembly for three-year terms.
- The Trusteeship Council was established to oversee the administration of trust territories, which were territories that were not self-governing and were placed under the administration of a trusteeship agreement with the United Nations. The Trusteeship Council completed its work in 1994, when the last trust territory, Palau, became independent.
- The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. It settles legal disputes between States and gives advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized UN organs and specialized agencies.
- The UN Secretariat is the administrative organ of the United Nations. It is headed by the Secretary-General, who is appointed by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council. The Secretariat provides studies, information, and facilities needed by the UN organs and conferences. It also carries out the day-to-day work of the Organization.
In addition to the six principal organs, the UN also has a number of specialized agencies, funds, and programmes. These organizations work in a wide range of areas, including economic and social development, health, education, environment, and refugees.