The correct answer is: B. address resolution protocol (ARP).
ARP is a protocol that maps IP addresses to MAC addresses. A MAC address is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC). When a computer sends a packet to another computer on the same network, it first needs to find the MAC address of the destination computer. It does this by sending an ARP request to all computers on the network. The ARP request contains the IP address of the destination computer. The computer with the matching IP address will respond with its MAC address. The sending computer will then use the MAC address to send the packet to the destination computer.
Option A, organizationally unique identifier (OUI), is a unique identifier assigned to a manufacturer by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). The OUI is the first three bytes of a MAC address.
Option C, network interface card (NIC), is a device that allows a computer to connect to a network. The NIC contains a MAC address.
Option D, burned in address, is another name for a MAC address.