The correct answer is: Alluvial soil.
Alluvial soil is a type of soil that is formed by the deposition of sediments from rivers, streams, and other bodies of water. It is typically found in floodplains and deltas, and is characterized by its high fertility and ability to support a wide variety of plant life.
Peat and marshy soil is a type of soil that is formed in areas of high rainfall and low drainage. It is typically found in bogs, swamps, and marshes, and is characterized by its high organic content and low fertility.
Saline and alkaline soil is a type of soil that is formed in areas with high levels of salt and alkali. It is typically found in deserts and coastal areas, and is characterized by its high pH and low fertility.
Black soil is a type of soil that is formed in areas with a high level of organic matter. It is typically found in the steppes of Russia and Ukraine, and is characterized by its dark color and high fertility.
Alluvial soil is the best type of soil for growing crops because it is rich in nutrients and has good drainage. It is also relatively easy to work with, making it a popular choice for farmers.