The correct answer is: A. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
Physical standards are standards that are set for the physical quantities of materials, labor, and other resources that are used in the production process. Cost standards are standards that are set for the costs of materials, labor, and other resources that are used in the production process. Revenue standards are standards that are set for the revenues that are generated from the sale of products or services. Programme standards are standards that are set for the timing of production and other activities in the production process.
In this case, the following matches are correct:
- a. Physical standards 1. Material cost per unit
- b. Cost standards 2. Labour hours per unit of output
- c. Revenue standards 4. Average sales per customer
- d. Programme standards 3. Timing of production
The other options are incorrect because they do not match the items in List-I with the items in List-II in a logical way. For example, option B matches physical standards with labour hours per unit of output, which is not a logical match.