The correct answer is: B. UNO
The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights. Due to its unique international character, and the powers vested in its founding Charter, the Organization can take action on the issues confronting humanity in the 21st century, such as peace and security, climate change, sustainable development, human rights, disarmament, terrorism, humanitarian and health emergencies, gender equality, governance, food production, and more.
The UN is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its Member States. The UN’s regular budget for the biennium 2022-2023 is $3.17 billion. In addition, the UN receives billions of dollars in voluntary contributions from Member States and other sources for its many special programs and funds.
The UN has six principal organs: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat. The General Assembly is the main deliberative organ of the UN. It is composed of all 193 Member States and meets in regular sessions every year. The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security. It has 15 members, including five permanent members (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and 10 non-permanent members elected by the General Assembly for two-year terms. The Economic and Social Council is responsible for promoting international economic and social cooperation and development. It has 54 members elected by the General Assembly for three-year terms. The Trusteeship Council was established to oversee the administration of trust territories, which were territories that were not self-governing and were placed under the administration of a UN Member State. The Trusteeship Council completed its work in 1994, when the last trust territory, Palau, became independent. The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the UN. It settles legal disputes between States and gives advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by UN organs and specialized agencies. The UN Secretariat is the UN’s administrative organ. It is headed by the Secretary-General, who is appointed by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council.
The UN also has a number of specialized agencies, which are autonomous organizations that work with the UN to achieve common goals. These agencies include the World Bank Group, the International Monetary Fund, the World Health Organization, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, and the United Nations Children’s Fund.
The UN has played a major role in promoting peace and security, development, human rights, and the rule of law around the world. It has also provided humanitarian assistance to millions of people in need. The UN is a unique organization that has brought together the world’s nations to work together to address the challenges of the 21st century.