Malic acid
Formic acid
Sulphuric acid
Ethanoic acid
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The dominant chemical present in vinegar is ethanoic acid, also known as acetic acid. It is a weak acid that gives vinegar its sour taste. Malic acid is found in apples and other fruits, formic acid is found in ants and bees, and sulphuric acid is a strong acid that is used in batteries and other industrial applications.
Ethanoic acid is a colorless liquid with a sharp, sour taste. It is miscible with water and ethanol. It is produced by the fermentation of sugars by acetic acid bacteria. Acetic acid is used in the production of vinegar, as a solvent, and in the manufacture of other chemicals.