The correct answer is D. All of the above.
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration. It is a type of diffusion, which is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Osmosis does not require energy, but it can be affected by energy. For example, if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution (a solution with a higher concentration of solutes than the cell), water will move out of the cell and the cell will shrink. This can be harmful to the cell, and the cell may die. If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution (a solution with a lower concentration of solutes than the cell), water will move into the cell and the cell will swell. This can also be harmful to the cell, and the cell may burst.
Here is a diagram that illustrates osmosis:
The semipermeable membrane allows water molecules to pass through, but it does not allow solute molecules to pass through. This means that water will always move from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration, until the concentration of water is equal on both sides of the membrane.
Osmosis is a very important process in biology. It is involved in the movement of water into and out of cells, and it is also involved in the transport of nutrients and wastes across cell membranes.