The correct answer is: A. Increases towards the equator.
Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth. It includes the variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as the variety of ecosystems in which they live. Biodiversity is important because it provides us with food, medicine, and other resources. It also helps to regulate the climate and protect us from natural disasters.
The distribution of biodiversity on Earth is not uniform. It is highest in the tropics and decreases towards the poles. This is because the tropics have a more stable climate and more abundant resources than the poles. The tropics also have a longer growing season, which allows more species to survive.
There are several reasons why biodiversity is higher in the tropics. First, the tropics have a more stable climate than the poles. The temperature in the tropics does not vary as much as the temperature in the poles. This means that plants and animals in the tropics do not have to adapt to as much change. Second, the tropics have more abundant resources than the poles. The tropics have more sunlight, more water, and more nutrients than the poles. This means that there is more food available for plants and animals in the tropics. Third, the tropics have a longer growing season than the poles. The growing season in the tropics is longer because the days are longer and the nights are shorter. This means that plants have more time to grow in the tropics.
The distribution of biodiversity on Earth is important because it affects the way that the Earth’s ecosystems function. Biodiversity helps to regulate the climate, protect us from natural disasters, and provide us with food, medicine, and other resources. It is important to protect biodiversity so that we can continue to benefit from the services that it provides.
Here are some additional details about each option:
- Option B: Biodiversity decreases towards the equator. This is not true. Biodiversity is highest in the tropics and decreases towards the poles.
- Option C: Biodiversity remains same throughout the planet. This is also not true. Biodiversity is not uniform on Earth. It is highest in the tropics and decreases towards the poles.
- Option D: Biodiversity has no effect on change in latitude. This is also not true. Biodiversity is affected by change in latitude. It is highest in the tropics and decreases towards the poles.