The correct answer is (a) Haryana.
Haryana has the highest percentage of urban population among the landlocked states of India. According to the 2011 Census, 66.2% of the population of Haryana lived in urban areas. This is higher than the national average of 31.1%.
There are several reasons for the high percentage of urban population in Haryana. One reason is that the state has a strong industrial base. The capital city of Chandigarh is a major center for information technology and software development. Other major cities in Haryana include Gurgaon, Faridabad, and Rohtak, which are all important industrial centers.
Another reason for the high percentage of urban population in Haryana is that the state has a relatively young population. The median age of the population in Haryana is 27.5 years, which is lower than the national average of 28.6 years. This means that there are more people of working age in Haryana, which has led to increased urbanization.
Finally, Haryana is a relatively prosperous state. The per capita income of the state is higher than the national average. This has led to increased demand for urban amenities and services, which has also contributed to urbanization.
The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:
(b) Jammu and Kashmir is a landlocked state in northern India. The percentage of urban population in Jammu and Kashmir is 19.4%, which is lower than the national average.
(c) Punjab is a landlocked state in northern India. The percentage of urban population in Punjab is 35.5%, which is higher than the national average but lower than the percentage of urban population in Haryana.
(d) Madhya Pradesh is a landlocked state in central India. The percentage of urban population in Madhya Pradesh is 16.2%, which is lower than the national average.