The correct answer is: D. All of these
The law of increasing returns is a theory that states that as the amount of a good or service produced increases, the marginal cost of producing each additional unit decreases. This means that it becomes cheaper to produce more of a good or service as more of it is produced.
The law of origin parity is a theory that states that the price of a good or service in one country should be equal to the price of the same good or service in another country, after accounting for transportation costs and tariffs. This means that the price of a good or service should be the same in all countries, regardless of where it is produced.
The law of decreasing returns is a theory that states that as the amount of a good or service produced increases, the marginal cost of producing each additional unit increases. This means that it becomes more expensive to produce more of a good or service as more of it is produced.
In economics, the law of diminishing returns is a principle that states that in all productive processes, adding more of one factor of production, while holding all others constant (“ceteris paribus”), will at some point yield lower incremental per-unit returns. The law of diminishing returns does not occur in isolation, but rather depends on the relative efficiency of other factors of production (e.g., labor).
The law of diminishing returns is often used to explain why it is not always possible to increase production by simply adding more workers. For example, if a factory has a certain number of machines, adding more workers may not result in more output if the machines are already being used at full capacity. In this case, the additional workers would simply be standing around waiting for machines to become available, and their output would be zero.
The law of diminishing returns can also be applied to other factors of production, such as capital and land. For example, if a farmer has a certain amount of land, adding more fertilizer may not result in higher crop yields if the land is already being fertilized at the optimal level. In this case, the additional fertilizer would simply be wasted, and the farmer’s output would not increase.
The law of diminishing returns is an important concept in economics, and it can be used to explain a variety of phenomena. It is important to remember, however, that the law of diminishing returns is not always applicable. In some cases, it may be possible to increase production by simply adding more of one factor of production. However, in most cases, the law of diminishing returns will eventually set in, and additional inputs will result in lower incremental returns.