The correct answer is: B. Capability Approach
The capability approach is a conceptual framework for evaluating individual well-being and social arrangements. It was developed by the Indian economist and philosopher Amartya Sen. The capability approach focuses on the freedoms that people have to achieve the things that they value. It argues that development should be seen as a process of expanding people’s capabilities, rather than simply increasing their income or consumption.
The basic needs approach is a development strategy that focuses on meeting the essential needs of the poor. It argues that development should be focused on providing people with the basic necessities of life, such as food, water, shelter, and healthcare.
The income approach is a measure of economic well-being that focuses on the amount of money that people earn. It argues that development should be seen as a process of increasing people’s incomes.
The welfare approach is a measure of economic well-being that focuses on the satisfaction that people get from their consumption. It argues that development should be seen as a process of increasing people’s welfare.
The capability approach has been criticized for being too abstract and difficult to measure. However, it has also been praised for its focus on human freedom and its emphasis on the importance of individual choice.