The correct answer is (a) Ballia.
According to the 2011 Census, the female literacy rate in Ballia district was 51.9%, which is the lowest among all districts in Uttar Pradesh. The female literacy rate in Deoria district was 52.8%, Gorakhpur district was 53.7%, and Rampur district was 54.5%.
There are a number of factors that contribute to the low female literacy rate in Ballia district. One factor is that the district has a high proportion of rural population. In 2011, 82.4% of the population of Ballia district lived in rural areas. Rural areas tend to have lower literacy rates than urban areas.
Another factor that contributes to the low female literacy rate in Ballia district is the low level of education among women in the district. In 2011, the average number of years of schooling for women in Ballia district was 4.6 years. This is lower than the average number of years of schooling for women in Uttar Pradesh as a whole, which was 5.2 years.
The low female literacy rate in Ballia district has a number of negative consequences. It limits the opportunities available to women in the district, and it contributes to the cycle of poverty in the district. There are a number of things that can be done to improve the female literacy rate in Ballia district. One thing that can be done is to improve access to education for girls in the district. Another thing that can be done is to raise awareness of the importance of education for girls.