The correct answer is: C. Resistance
Resistance is the opposition to the flow of current in a conductor. It is measured in ohms (Ω). The resistance of a conductor is proportional to its length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area.
Inductance is the property of an electric circuit that opposes a change in current. It is measured in henrys (H). The inductance of a circuit is proportional to the number of turns in the coil and the permeability of the core material.
Capacitance is the property of an electric circuit that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It is measured in farads (F). The capacitance of a circuit is proportional to the area of the plates and the permittivity of the dielectric material.
Reactance is the opposition to the flow of alternating current (AC) in a circuit. It is measured in ohms (Ω). The reactance of a circuit is due to the inductance and capacitance of the circuit.
For a short line, the resistance is much smaller than the inductance and capacitance. Therefore, the resistance can be neglected for a short line.
Inductance and capacitance are important factors in the design of long transmission lines. They can cause the current and voltage to be out of phase with each other, which can lead to power losses. However, these effects are negligible for short lines.