Classical conditioning is a theory of:

The correct answer is: B. Learning

Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which a conditioned stimulus (CS) comes to elicit a conditioned response (CR) after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US) that already elicits the response.

For example, in Pavlov’s famous experiment, dogs were conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell (CS) after it was paired with the presentation of food (US).

Perception is the process of interpreting sensory information to make sense of the world around us.

Attitude is a positive or negative evaluation of a person, object, or event.

Behavior is any observable action or reaction that an organism makes in response to its environment.