The correct answer is: D. Secondary succession
Secondary succession is a type of ecological succession that occurs after a disturbance that removes the plant community but leaves the soil relatively intact. This type of succession is much faster than primary succession, which occurs in areas where there is no soil, such as on a newly exposed rock face.
In secondary succession, the first plants to colonize the area are usually pioneer species, which are able to tolerate harsh conditions. These pioneer species help to create a more hospitable environment for other plants, and eventually a climax community will develop. A climax community is a stable community that is in equilibrium with its environment.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Autogenic succession is a type of ecological succession that is caused by changes within the ecosystem itself, such as the death of a dominant species or the accumulation of nutrients.
- Allogenic succession is a type of ecological succession that is caused by changes in the environment outside of the ecosystem, such as a change in climate or a disturbance such as a fire.
- Primary succession is a type of ecological succession that occurs in areas where there is no soil, such as on a newly exposed rock face.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.