The correct answer is B. halophytes.
Halophytes are plants that have adapted to grow in saline water-logged habitats. They have a number of adaptations that allow them to tolerate high levels of salt, including:
- Salt glands: These glands excrete excess salt from the plant.
- Specialized root systems: These root systems allow the plant to take up water and nutrients from saline soil.
- Thick, waxy leaves: These leaves help to prevent water loss from the plant.
Halophytes are found in a variety of habitats, including salt marshes, mangrove swamps, and saline deserts. They play an important role in these ecosystems, providing food and shelter for other organisms.
Xerophytes are plants that have adapted to grow in dry habitats. They have a number of adaptations that allow them to conserve water, including:
- Small leaves: Small leaves have a smaller surface area, which reduces water loss.
- Thick, waxy leaves: Thick, waxy leaves help to prevent water loss from the plant.
- Succulent leaves: Succulent leaves store water in their tissues.
Mesophytes are plants that have adapted to grow in moderate-moisture habitats. They do not have the same adaptations as xerophytes or halophytes, as they do not need to conserve water or tolerate high levels of salt.
Mangroves are trees or shrubs that grow in saline water. They have a number of adaptations that allow them to tolerate saline water, including:
- Prop roots: Prop roots grow from the base of the tree and help to support the tree in the soft, muddy soil.
- Aerenchyma: Aerenchyma is a tissue in the roots and stems of mangroves that allows gas exchange.
- Salt glands: Salt glands excrete excess salt from the plant.