The correct answer is (b). Compulsory sterilization was forced in India during the Emergency period of 1975-1977.
The Emergency was a 21-month period of Indian history from 25 June 1975 to 21 March 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi used her powers under Article 352 of the Constitution of India to suspend civil liberties and rule by decree. During this time, the government launched a family planning program that included forced sterilization. Millions of men were sterilized, often without their consent. The program was widely condemned as a human rights violation.
The other options are incorrect. Option (a) is incorrect because the Emergency did not begin until 1975. Option (c) is incorrect because the Emergency ended in 1977. Option (d) is incorrect because it does not include the year 1975, which is when the Emergency began.