The correct answer is (d). Malaria is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. When a female Anopheles mosquito bites an infected person, she ingests blood that contains malaria parasites. The parasites then multiply in the mosquito’s gut and eventually develop into sporozoites. When the mosquito bites another person, the sporozoites are injected into the person’s bloodstream and can cause malaria.
Male Anopheles mosquitoes do not bite humans and therefore do not transmit malaria. Female Culex mosquitoes are the primary vectors of West Nile virus, but they do not transmit malaria. Female Aedes mosquitoes are the primary vectors of dengue fever, chikungunya, and yellow fever, but they do not transmit malaria.